Method of weaving with two warp systems



w. NICOLET METHOD OF WEAVING WITH TWO WARP SYSTEMS Jan" 3, 2939.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 21, 1957 Jan. 3, 1939. w. NICOLET METHOD OF WITJAVING WITH TWO WARP SYSTEMS Fi1ed Aug. 21, 193'? v 2 Sheets-She't 2 Patented Jan. 3, 1939 PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF WEAVING WITH TWO WARP SYSTEMS Walter Nicolet, Neuhausen, Switzerland Application August 21,

1937, Serial No. 160,230

In Germany August 2'7, 1936 6 Claims.

Patent No. 2,055,553 relates to a method of weaving with two warp systems which extend at an angle towards the fabric edge and which are each guided in a perforated needle row so that 6 there is always present an open shed, adjacent which there is formed a second closed shed by the movement towards one another of the two perforated needle rows and wherein a double weft in the form of a weft loop is inserted into the closed shed by means of a thread guide and into the open shed there is inserted a single weft by a further thread guide, whilst the weft loop and the separate weft are beaten up separately and after this beating up a feed of the fabric takes place. The insertion of the weft loop into the closed shed takes place alternately from the right hand end and from the left hand end, whilst the rear weft, after opening the closed shed is inserted at the same point as that at which the insertion of the weft loop took place. For inserting the weft loop into the closed shed there are provided two thread guides of which, in the normal position one is to the right, and the other to the left of the fabric. Each ofthese weft guides moves into and out of theclosed shed during its actuation. The thread guide serving to insert the separate weft moves, when actuated, however, only simply through .the open shed, so that at one time it is at the right and then at the left of the fabric. The various weft guides are so actuated that the insertion of the weft loop into the closed shed always takes place from the side at which the succeeding single weft is inserted into the open shed. The weft threads are consequently not bound by the warps at the edge of the fabric, but a binding of the single weft takes place at one edge by the succeeding weft loop. As a result of the sequence of movements of the thread guides there occurs at the other weft edge at least a relative clamping of the head part of a weft loop with the thread section existing between the two succeeding separate wefts. For each thread guide there is provided a separate bobbin. Consequently there occurs on both sides of the fabric a waving of the weft material.

These wavy parts of the weft material, which partly overlap, are comparatively thick so that the edges of the fabric become fairl thick. The appearance of the edge is also very irregular and has an inelegant appearance. Finally these thick edges are also fairly hard. For this reason bandages produced in this manner are not very suitable for bandaging purposes as the thick and hard edges cut into the flesh. The wavy parts of Cal the weft material, when such bandages are to be used for bandaging purposes are also disadvantageous as the wavy parts of the bandages catch in buttons and hooks on the garment of the person wearing the bandage, whereby the bandage is displaced if not torn.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages. The novelty resides therein that the single weft and the weft loops are taken from a common bobbin and the weft loops are formed by inserting or drawing the stretched thread part extending from the fabric edge towards the thread guide located at the right or left of the fabric, into the closed shed, for example by means of a push rod or a gripping device. By this method the waving of parts of the weft material is'completely eliminated.

The edges of the fabric are therefore also not thick and hard, but have the same thickness as the middle portion of the fabric and are elastic as is required of bandages. The edges of the fabric produced in this manner also exhibit, in contrast to the bandages produced by the method according to the earlier patent, an entirely regular appearance. Also the binding of the weft threads and weft loops themselves is substantially more advantageous. Finally by the new method according to the invention substantially less thread is necessary by reason of the omission of the wavy part of the weft material. The use of only a single bobbin instead of three bobbins, as is the case in the earlier patent, also simplifies very substantially the construction of the loom. Also fewer stoppages occur by reason of thread breakage.

The push rods or gripping devices for inserting or drawing the weft material into the closed shed in the form of a weft loop, are preferably pivotall mounted so as to rock about a point located along the vertical axis of the fabric. The

rocking arrangement of the thread guides or thread inserting devices is known per se. When using push rods there is provided on the outwardly turned side thereof and around the enlarged head a longitudinal groove into which there is placed the part of the weft material which forms the rear part of the inserted weft loop.

In the accompanying drawings is illustrated a device by way of example for carrying out the method according to the present invention.

Fig. l is a plan.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, looking in the direction of the arrow A of Fig. 1 during the insertion of the single weft, and

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow A when a weft loop is forced in.

I and 2 indicate the two warp systems. The warps I are guided in a perforated needle row 3 and the warps 2 in a perforated needle row 4. One of the two warp systems is passed at an angle into the other. When the two perforated needle rows 3 and 4 are spread apart there is produced an open shed extending up to the edge of the fabric as shown in Fig. 2. By moving the two perforated needle rows 3 and 4 towards one another there is formed in addition to the open shed a second closed shed as shown in Fig. 3. In the open shed a thread guide 5 moves to and fro, a thread I from a bobbin, not shown, being drawn through the apertured enlarged end 6 of the guide. The thread guide 5 is mounted on an arm 8 having a number of bends and rotatably mounted about a vertical axis. This axis 9 is located substantially at the vertical central plane of the fabric II]. By rocking the arm 8 the thread guide 5 is moved through the open shed from one side of the warp threads to the other. The path of movement of the front enlarged end of the thread guide 5, through which the thread I is drawn, extends through the space between the two perforated needle rows 3 and 4 and the fell of the fabric. Stop combs I5 and I6 are also provided as shown. In the vertical central plane of the fabric there is provided a further pivot I I. On this pivot are mounted two U-shaped arms I2, I3 extending towards opposite sides of the fabric and which are preferably enlarged at their free ends. The two arms I2, I3 are arranged symmetrically to the vertical longitudinal central axis of the fabric and are also constructed symmetrically thereto. The two ends are located somewhat laterally of the fabric close to thepath of movement of the enlarged end 6 of the thread guide 5. The two arms I2, I3 are loosely mounted on the pivot H and can each be so moved by suitable means that their front part passes between the two warp systems I and 2 as is shown in broken lines in connection with the arm I2 in Fig. l. The arms 8, I2 and I3 lie substantially below the fabric and only their front end is bent upwardly into the plane of the fabric. The movement of the arms 8, I2 and I3 takes place in accordance with a predetermined cycle in such a manner that first the arm 8 carries out a movement and thereupon one of the arms I2, I3 is moved, whereupon the arm 8 is again rocked. Whilst, however, the arm 8 during a rocking movement only moves from one side of the fabric to the other, the arms I2, I3 move from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 into the broken line position and then immediately back again. The movement of the arm 8 takes place whilst the two warp systems form an open shed extending up to the fell of the fabric, as shown in Fig. 2, whilst the movement of one of the arms I2, I3 takes place when by moving the two perforated needle rows 3, 4 towards one another there is formed, in addition to the open shed also a closed shed as shown in Fig. 3. Of the two arms I2, I3 there is rocked the arm which is located on the side at which the thread guide 5 is located at this particular moment. From the enlarged head 6 of the thread guide 5 there extends to the edge of the fabric a part of the weft material I. The front ends of the arms I2, I3 are at such a height that during the swinging of one of the arms the front enlarged end thereof meets the part I of the weft material 1 and draws this part into a loop which forms a weft loop within the closed shed. The part of the arms I2, I3 which moves through the closed shed is provided on the outer bent edge with a groove I4 with which engages the part of the weft loop adjacent the perforated needle rows 3, 4. During the return movement of the arm I2 or I3, from the broken line position, the

vertex of the weft loop which has just been inserted is held by a finger of the comb, which engages with the loop. The single weft which is inserted into the open shed by the thread guide 5 and the two parts of the loop inserted by one of the arms I2, I3, are beaten up separately. Between each beating up operation there is effected a feed of the fabric. The type of fabric produced in this manner is shown in Fig. 1. From this it will be seen that no wavy or floating and overlapping parts of weft material are in fact present at the two edges of the fabric. From the drawings it will also be seen clearly that the two edges are entirely uniform.

The beating comb which beats one limb of the weft loop against the fell of the fabric holds this limb until change of shed takes place. The loose part of the weft thread is held taut by a positively actuated device known per se.

I claim:

1. In a method for forming fabrics with the use of two warp systems, the steps of forming an open shed, drawing a single weft into said open shed, forming a closed shed adjacent said open shed, drawing a weft loop through said closed shed, the weft thread for the single weft and for forming the weft loop being supplied from the same bobbin, and separately beating up the single weft and the weft loop.

2. In a device for the production of fabrics by the use of two warp systems and having means for forming an open shed followed by a closed shed, the combination comprising a rocking member, said rocking member having an enlarged apertured head for the passage of the weft, a shaft on which said member is pivoted, said shaft being located substantially vertically in the central plane of the fabric to be produced, and a pair of similarly shaped pusher members, said pusher members being located symmetrically to one another on opposite sides of the fabric, said members each having an enlarged head, each of said members having a groove in the outer surface thereof and in said enlarged head.

3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the pusher members are mounted on the same shaft which is located vertically at the central plane of the fabric said pusher members serving to insert the weft into the closed shed in the form of a weft loop, said members being of arcuate shape, and having on their outwardly directed side and in their enlarged head a groove with which engages the part of the weft loop remote from the fell of the fabric.

4. A device according to claim 2, wherein the heads of the rocking member and of the pusher member are all located in the same plane.

5. A method of weaving with two warp systems which extend at an angle towards the edge of the fabric and are each guided in a perforated needle row, said method comprising the operation of said needle rows so that an open shed is always formed and in addition to which a second closed shed is formed when the two perforated needle rows are moved toward one another, inserting a single weft into the open shed by means of a thread guide, inserting a double weft in the form of a loop into the closed shed, separately beating up the weft loop and the separate weft and after each beating up effecting a feed of the fabric, characterized in this that the single weft and the weft loop are supplied from a common bobbin and the weft loop is formed by inserting, by means of thrust rods, the stretched part extending along the fell of the fabric into the closed shed from the thread guide which serves for inserting the single weft into the open shed.

6. In the art of weaving, with two warp systems which extend at an angle towards the edge of the fabric, a perforated needle row guide for each warp system, said guides being movable so as always to form an open shed and in addition thereto a closed shed, a single-thread guide mounted for movement so as to insert a single weft into the open shed, two arms operable from opposite sides of the fabric in cooperation with said single-thread guide, for inserting l double Wefts in the form of loops of the thread from said a 

